This dividing line tends to be near the left edge of the inferior vena cava and the gallbladder fossa. The middle hepatic vein and the ascending section of the left portal vein divide the liver, functionally into a left lobe and a right lobe. The vascular supply and drainage divide the liver into regions that can be resected independently. The functional division between the left and right lobes is based upon the vasculature, not the falciform ligament. However, functional divisions have more value from a surgical perspective. The liver has been divided into four anatomic lobes: the left, right, quadrate, and caudate, with the falciform ligament separating the left from the right lobe. Retroperitoneal tumors may move the liver slightly anterior. Tumor infiltration, cirrhosis, or a subphrenic abscess often causes inferior displacement, whereas ascites, excessive dilation of the colon, or abdominal tumors can elevate the liver.

Projections of the liver may be altered by some disease states. The posterior borders of the liver are in contact with the inferior vena cava, the gallbladder and cystic duct, the portal vein confluence, the hepatic artery, the right kidney, and the colon ( Figure 9-2, D ). The right subhepatic space is located inferior to the right lobe of the liver and includes Morison’s pouch, which lies between the posterior aspect of the right lobe and the upper pole of the right kidney. It also may be a site for abscess formation. This sac communicates with the rest of the peritoneal space at a point near the head of the pancreas. The lesser sac is an enclosed portion of the peritoneal space posterior to the liver and stomach. The right posterior subphrenic space lies between the right lobe of the liver, the right kidney, and the right colic flexure ( Figure 9-2, C ). The subphrenic space between the liver (or spleen) and the diaphragm is a common site for abscess formation. Most of the liver is covered by peritoneum, but a large area rests directly on the diaphragm this is called the bare area ( Figure 9-2, B ). The medial segment is also called the quadrate lobe. The caudate lobe is located on the posterosuperior surface of the right lobe, opposite the tenth and eleventh thoracic vertebrae. D, Posterior view of the diaphragmatic surface of the liver. C, Inferior view of the visceral surface of the liver. The left lobe of the liver lies in the epigastric and left hypochondriac regions. The right lobe is the largest of the four lobes of the liver. For example, the prominent left lobe of the liver facilitates visualization of the pancreas, which is situated just inferior to the border of the left lobe, whereas if the right lobe extends just below the costal margin, it may facilitate visualization of the gallbladder and right kidney. The size and shape of the liver determine the quality of the sonographic examination performed. The parenchyma of the normal liver is used to evaluate other organs and glands in the body-that is, the kidneys are equally echogenic or less echogenic than the liver, the spleen has about the same to slightly more echogenicity than the liver, and the pancreas is as echogenic as or slightly more echogenic than the liver. The size and texture of the liver parenchyma make it very accessible to sonographic evaluation. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.The liver is the largest organ in the abdominal cavity, measuring approximately 21 to 22.5 cm in its greatest transverse diameter, 13 to 17.5 cm in its greatest vertical height, and 10 to 12.5 cm in its anteroposterior depth, weighing approximately 1200 to 1600 g in the adult. Inventor 方步武 Original Assignee 方步武 Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion.

Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.) Pending Application number CN 200510014677 Other languages Chinese ( zh) Google Patents CN1903191A - Application of artesunate for preparing medicine to treat fibrosis of liver CN1903191A - Application of artesunate for preparing medicine to treat fibrosis of liver

Complete anatomy of the irritated liver